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From
the book On the Holy Spirit by Saint Basil, bishop
By
one death and resurrection the world was saved.
When
mankind was estranged from him by disobedience, God our Savior made a plan for
raising us from our fall and restoring us to friendship with himself. According
to this plan Christ came in the flesh, he showed us the gospel way of life, he
suffered, died on the cross, was buried and rose from the dead. He did this so
that we could be saved by imitation of him, and recover our original status as
sons of God by adoption.
To
attain holiness, then, we must not only pattern our lives on Christ’s by being
gentle, humble and patient, we must also imitate him in his death. Taking
Christ for his model, Paul said that he wanted to become like him in his death
in the hope that he too would be raised from death to life.
We
imitate Christ’s death by being buried with him in baptism. If we ask what this
kind of burial means and what benefit we may hope to derive from it, it means
first of all making a complete break with our former way of life, and our Lord
himself said that this cannot be done unless a man is born again. In other
words, we have to begin a new life, and we cannot do so until our previous life
has been brought to an end.
When runners reach the turning point on a
racecourse, they have to pause briefly before they can go back in the opposite
direction. So also when we wish to reverse the direction of our lives there
must be a pause, or a death, to mark the end of one life and the beginning of
another.
Our
descent into hell takes place when we imitate the burial of Christ by our
baptism. The bodies of the baptized are in a sense buried in the water as a
symbol of their renunciation of the sins of their unregenerate nature. As the
Apostle says: The circumcision you have undergone is not an operation performed
by human hands, but the complete stripping away of your unregenerate nature.
This is the circumcision that Christ gave us, and it is accomplished by our burial
with him in baptism. Baptism cleanses the soul from the pollution of worldly
thoughts and inclinations: You will wash me, says the psalmist, and I shall be
whiter than snow. We receive this saving baptism only once because there was
only one death and one resurrection for the salvation of the world, and baptism
is its symbol.
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